XVIII Международный конкурс научно-исследовательских и творческих работ учащихся
Старт в науке
Sabantui and Highland games are a national holidays uniting the people of Bashkortostan and Scotland
Автор работы награжден дипломом победителя II степени
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Ι. Introduction
Each region is famous for its well-known holidays, traditions and customs. Every country has its own customs and traditions. Traditions play a very important role in the life of people of all the countries. Old and new, religious and national, holidays join different generations. Besides, they enrich people spiritually and distract them from different problems. To my opinion, customs unite people, and it’s great.
Bashkirs and Scots are proud of their customs and traditions and they keep them up. The Sabantui and Highlands games are one of them. We would like to tell about these nicest holidays.
The object of study is their traditions.
The subject of our work is that information which is their holidays, their basic theme.
The aim of this study is the history of the celebration of the national holiday Sabantui in Bashkortostan and Highland games in Scotland.
To achieve this goal, it was necessary to solve several tasks:
• Pick up a certain number of national games
•To tell about national games and come to a certain conclusion.
The study used two methods: an exploratory and analytical.
This work will be useful and is interesting in that it would allow students to pay attention to the tradition our district and Scotland, and correctly use the information of his works that reflect the real interests of children.
ΙΙ. Basic part
History of Sabantui.
The word “Sabantui” consists of two words “Saban” and “Tui”. “Saban” is the Bashkir for plough; “Tui” is the feast. So Sabantui is the feast of the plough. This holiday is celebrated in every district and every village of the Republic at the end of the planting season. The Sabantui traditionally starts with an official speech of the director of the collective farm. In his speech he summarizes their achievements and makes pledges for the future.
Our grandparents always tell us about history of this festival. Earlier people believed that owing to this festival they would have a good harvest.
Sabantui is traditionally held in a special place called “Maydan”, specially decorated for the festival. Hundreds of people gather there. National music and songs are heard everywhere.
History of Highland games.
Highland games are events held in spring and summer in Scotland and other countries as a way of celebrating Scottish and Celtic culture, especially that of the Scottish Highlands. These meeting are held every year in different places in the Scottish Highland. They include the clans led by their pipers, dressed in their kilts, tartan plaids, and plumed bonnets, who march round the arena. The features common to Highland games are bagpipes and Highland dancing competitions and the performance of heavy athletic events-some of which, such as tossing the caber, are Highland in origin. All competitors wear Highland dress, as do most of the judges. The games take place in a large roped-off arena. Several events take place at the same time: pipers and dancers perform on a platform; athletes toss the caber, throw the hammer, put the weight and wrestle. Highland dancing such as the Sword Dance and Reel is performed to bagpipe music, by men and women. Sword Dance appeared-in the past, it was thought that if the warrior touched a sword as he danced, he would be wounded or even killed in battle. No one knows exactly when the men of the Highland first gathered to wrestle, throw the hammer, toss the caber, put the weight, dance and play music. The games reflected the tough life of the early Scots. For example tossing the caber originated among woodmen who wanted to cast their logs into the deepest part of a river.
In the 11-th century the Scottish king Malcolm Kenmore III organized the contest in a village Braemar. In the contest he wanted to find the strongest and the fastest men. The strongest became the king's bodyguards and the fastest became his messengers.
Nowadays the Games are held not only all over Scotland, but also in a lot of other countries where Scottish people live. These games are very interesting and a lot of people are attracted to the Games, because people want to see the competitions or take part in them. The Highland Games are very picturesque as participants wear colourful kilts, which are Scottish national Costumes.
The Highland games take place in a large roped-off arena.The royal family is watching Highland Games.
2. Events in Sabantui.
First the people in their best dresses and suits come to the maidan - spacious area of steppe. The Sabantui traditionally starts with different contests.
Wrestling.
The most popular competition is the national wrestling. At the end they choose a winner. He is usually given a sheep as a prize. The winner or batyr of Sabantui in Starocuctovo was Azat Ilkhamov.
The pole climbing.
Meanwhile other contests begin. Some try their luck in pole climbing. This contest is very popular among the boys because a colourful cockerel waits for the man who gets to the top of the pole.
The sack race.
Some people move in giant leaps, some take tiny steps, some jump on one foot.
Usually two people contest. The winner gets a prize, of course!
Carrying eggs in spoons.
Eggs are put on the spoons which competitors must keep in their mouth and run some distance to be the first and not to drop the egg
Beating with sacks (pillows)
You should beat your partner with a sack (usually filled with sawdust) to make him fall down.
The races with a yoke and two buckets
Women especially like the races with a yoke and two buckets, though men, too, take part in it. The buckets are filled with water and they must be brought to the finish without spilling a drop. Some finish the race quickly but bring little of water, while others come second but do not lose a single drop. This race shows not only skill but even character.
The horse racing.
Soon the luxury thoroughbred horses gallop across the maidan for Sabantui racing. When they gallop the blood moves quicker not only in the veins of those who ride on horseback, but also those who watch them.
The biggest prizes are reserved for horse racing. Here besides rams one can win a motor cycle.
Events in Highland Games
A caber being thrown at the 2000 New Hampshire Highland Games. In their original form many centuries ago, Highland games revolved around athletic and sports competitions. Though other activities were always a part of the festivities, many today still consider Highland athletics to be what the games are all about—in short, that the athletics are the Games, and all the other activities are just entertainment. Regardless, it remains true today that the athletic competitions are at least an integral part of the events and one—the caber toss—has come to almost symbolize the Highland games.
Although quite a range of events can be a part of the Highland athletics competition, a few have become standard.
Caber toss:
A long tapered pine pole or log is stood upright and hoisted by the competitor who balances it vertically holding the smaller end in his hands (see photo). Then the competitor runs forward attempting to toss it in such a way that it turns end over end with the upper (larger) end striking the ground first.
Stone put: This event is similar to the modern-day shot put as seen in the Olympic Games. Instead of a steel shot, a large stone of variable weight is often used.
Scottish hammer throw: This event is similar to the hammer throw as seen in modern-day track and field competitions, though with some differences. In the Scottish event, a round metal ball (weighing 16 or 22 lb for men or 12 or 16 lb for women) is attached to the end of a shaft about 4 feet in length and made out of wood, bamboo, rattan, or plastic.
Weight throws, also known as the weight for distance event. There are actually two separate events, one using a light (28 lb for men and 14 lb for women) and the other a heavy (56 lb for men, 42 lb for masters men, and 28 lb for women) weight.
Weight over the bar, also known as weight for height. The athletes attempt to toss a 56 pound (4 stone) weight with an attached handle over a horizontal bar using only one hand.
Sheaf toss is a traditional Scottish agricultural sport event originally contested at country fairs. A pitchfork is used to hurl a burlap bag stuffed with straw over a horizontal bar above the competitor's head.
Children's Sack Race.
In this day children take part in lots of fun races. The sack race is very popular — the runners get into a sack to run the race. It’s great fun
For many Highland games festival attendees, the most memorable of all the events at the games is the massing of the pipe bands. Normally held in conjunction with the opening and closing ceremonies of the games, as many as 20 or more pipe bands will march and play together. The result is a thunderous rendition of traditional favourites Scotland the Brave or Amazing Grace, and other crowd-pleasing favorites.
IV. Practical part
To make sure that the topic of research will be interesting and useful not only to us, we have decided to conduct a survey. There took part students of our school of different ages (students of 5-8th grades).
I made up questions for pupils of 5-7 grades of MBOU SOSH s.Verkhneyarkeevo. In my survey included 2 questions.
Do you like Sabantui?
What contests do you like to participate in the celebration of Sabantui?
The study showed that:
100 % pupils like the holiday Sabantui
The next question:
34% pupils like to take part in Carrying eggs in spoons
26 % pupils like to take part inpole climbing.
23% pupils like to take part in breaking a pot
17% pupils like to take part in all these contests.
The result of the survey clearly has proved our assumption about the importance our national holiday.
I retell the story about Highland games. Iinterviewed students in my class.
If they had a chance they would go to Highland games and take part in these contests?
45 % they would go to Highland games and take part in these contests
55 % they would go to Highland games only to watch Highland Games
V. Conclusion
Having done our research I think The Sabantui has something for everyone. Children enjoy games and competitions for kids. There are different entertaining groups there. Some people watch others having fun and some try tasty national food. The event proves that people living in Bashkortostan care about their home country very much. They come together to show their belonging to the nation because they are proud of being Bashkort and they want to share some of their remarkable culture with others.
I am very interested in Scotland, its customs and ways and in the future I want to go to Scotland and see this fantastic show, I mean the Highland Games.
Having studied and summarized all the sources of information now I am able to say Bashkir culture and Scotland culture are both emotionally and, on occasion, artistically compelling for millions of people throughout the world.
VI. The list of literature
1. Virginia Evans, Olga Afanasyeva, Tatyana Davidenko. Click on Russia 4. Culture Clips. – Express Publishing-Center Com, 2004
2. Колбина А.В. Башкирская мозаика. – Уфа: Китап, 2006
3. Nuriakhmetov G.M., Bobkova E.A. My Homeland is Bashkortostan. – Birsk, 2002
4. Учебник по английскому языку 6 класс Spotlight 6 (Английский в фокусе. 6 класс): Ваулина Ю.Е.,2016
VII. SUPPLEMENT
Highland games
It is traditionally held in a special place called “Maydan”, specially decorated for the festival