XXV Международный конкурс научно-исследовательских и творческих работ учащихся
Старт в науке
Путешествие в мир профессий: Кем стать, чтобы быть успешным
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Introduction
The topic, “Journey into the world of professions: Who you have to become to be successful”, was the subject of my research.
This theme reveals problems of choosing a career for students. The relevance of the project lies in the fact that learning about past and future occupations allows you to understand trends in the development of the labor market, assess the demand for different professions, and prepare for possible changes in the professional field. This project will help to find out how important to examine disappearing jobs and in which directions new professions will appear. The project can be used by teachers to get acquainted students with different professions and career paths. What’s more, discussing the scenarios of the future, teenagers and their parents will be able to understand new trends, discuss their hopes and fears and choose a suitable career strategy.
The aim of my researchis to explore the trends in the world of professions and help students identify their interests and abilities to successfully choose the direction of a future career.
Objectives:
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to explore information sources;
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to analyze the reasons for the disappearance of professions;
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to examine the site “Atlas of new professions” https://atlas100.ru/catalog/ ;
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to research and systematize modern professions that have appeared recently or are in the process of being established (for example, IT specialist, ecologist, alternative energy specialist);
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to enlighten education and skills requirements for the professions of the past and future;
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develop recommendations for students on the choice of future profession taking into account changes in the labour market;
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to carry out the online survey to identify the level of knowledge among students, on professions in the past and in the future;
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create a list of future professions;
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present a project at the conference.
The object of the research is professions in the past and in the future.
The subject of the research is the relationship between disappearing professions and the impact of technological progress on the emergence of new professions.
The hypothesis of the researchis that understanding the past and future professions can help you identify your career path and make an informed decision for the future.
Research methods: analysis of literature and Internet material, problem-finding method, research method, systematization and generalization of knowledge method.
Practical relevance: this work can be used in lessons and extra-curriculum classes to get acquainted students with different professions and career paths.
Chapter 1. Professions in the past
Today, the profession of computer programmer is both cool and profitable, and working in IT offers great prospects. Butwhat the same specializations were desired in other historical periods?
14th century, copyists.
In the era when printing was not yet widespread copyists were highly valued. They copied and decorated books by hand, passing knowledge from one generation to another. Nowadays it is important to know Python and English, then in the past it was important to be able to speak Greek and Latin and Arabic.
15th century, cartographers
At this time, European states were actively funding overseas expeditions to seek new trade routes and resources. Cartographers, who created maps of uncharted lands, and sailors, who opened new routes, became the key figures of their era.
16th century, alchemist
In the 16th century, alchemists were at the forefront of science. They were looking for ways to create gold and «elixir of immortality». Neither of them found, but invented distillation method, soap, technology for production of European porcelain and many other things, and their activity laid the foundations of chemistry.
17th century, architects
The development of cities required the construction of fortresses, palaces, bridges and such incredible innovative buildings as St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. These specialists symbolized progress, and their achievements are considered great to this day.
18th century, natural scientists
In this rational age, there were scientists who studied nature and created scientific classification systems. These professions were considered prestigious because the people who did them changed their view of the world.
19th century, industrial engineers
With the development of the Industrial Revolution, engineers who created machines and technologies for production came to the forefront. They were the first to introduce automation into industry and accelerate the development of the world economy.
20th century, aircraft engineers and physicists
The creators of airplanes and missiles have opened up the sky and space, and the atomic scientists have given the world a new source of energy. These professions symbolized the control of humanity over nature.
1.2 The influence of past professions on modern occupations
1. Technological progress: the advent of cars led to the disappearance of the profession of coachman, and automation and computers replaced many telephone operators.
2. Changing needs of society: the development of medicine and hygiene led to the disappearance of the profession of night pot collector (night watchman).
3. Economic factors: globalization and outsourcing have led to the disappearance of some manufacturing occupations, while the transition to a service economy has changed the structure of employment.
Modern professions have become more in demand in IT, digital marketing.
Chapter 2
2.1 Professions in the future
Technology is being updated, equipment is becoming obsolete, tools are becoming a pile of scrap metal. Professions are also aging and dying. This process is natural, it occurred and occurs at any change of technological cycles, for example, the coachmen have replaced taxi drivers, postmen - administrators of mail servers. But if cycles were once tens or even hundreds of years long, now they are no longer than 10-15 years. And although the «aging» of professions does not happen instantly, it is better to know about the «candidates for retirement» as early as possible. Perhaps, when choosing a future profession, you are looking with interest at one of those who will soon go to the past - for example, the profession of accountant, and do not even imagine that there is a young and promising sector of new work tasks. Atlas of new professions offers us some options to choose.
Living systems designer
Specialist in planning, designing and creating closed-cycle technologies involving genetically modified organisms and microorganisms. This type of professional will be irreplaceable in sustainable cities, as they will be able to calculate the required capacity of bioreactors, design urban farms, and elaborate waste recycling systems.
Bioethicist
Specialist providing regulatory and ethical framework for medical, diagnostic and bioengineering centers engaged in transplantology and genetic modeling. No advanced laboratory will manage without advice from a bioethicist, especially in dealing with organ cloning and serious interference in embryo genes. It is not accidental that Yale University, a leading American school, has already launched a curriculum in bioethics at the faculty of medicine.
Household robot designer
Professional tasked with designing and programming household robots (e.g. babysitter, cleaner, washer, gardener, dog walker, etc.), which will help run the house. These robots are integrated with other components of a smart home and can move around and perform complex household work.
Transportation network safety engineer
Professional analyzing and monitoring information, environmental and technological threats to transportation networks. Unlike traffic safety experts, these engineers analyze and prevent problems connected with the functioning of whole transportation networks. With the increasing speed of data transmission, demand is growing for faster movement and higher speed of transportation, which means more stringent requirements for network infrastructure and safety.
Smart management system architect
Develops software for unmanned vehicles and traffic management systems; controls smart management systems. Various solutions exist today to monitor complex shipments, though shipments are managed by people. The future will require automated traffic management systems.
Ergonomic designer of wearable security devices
Specialist engaged in developing gadgets for the additional security of the user in an emergency. The job requires a smooth combination of common sense and imagination, as self-protection issues may be approached from different directions. South Korea has invented an even milder option, i.e. a jacket equipped with mini cameras. In case of an assault, it takes photos of the attacker and publishes photos in the Internet, so that the criminal will not be able to conceal his identity.
Virtual world designer
Creates concepts for virtual worlds: philosophy, laws of nature and society, social interaction and economic standards, landscape, architecture, sensations (including smells and sounds), animals, and a social world.
Educational pathway designer
Professional in building an educational “route” for new specialists, made up of courses provided by educational institutions, including online programmes, as well as trainers, simulators, internships, etc. Based on those, he/she develops an educational track, taking into account the psychological type, abilities, and goals of a particular person.
Personalized healthcare expert
Studies the genetic record of a patient to develop tailored treatment plans (diagnosis, prevention, treatment) and offer respective medical insurance products. A logical continuation of the shift towards a tailored approach to treatment. Strong genetic analysis and forecasting capabilities will enable the prevention of many diseases before they require treatment, while awareness of specific risks will help to devise a customized insurance plan.
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The Future of Skills for Future Jobs
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Data Science, Software Development, and Cloud Computing are among the most in-demand skills. The most in-demand skill in the future will be digital literacy. Understanding how computers operate, how to use computer software, and how to navigate the Internet will all be needed to effectively succeed in the workplace. Also, it would be beneficial to have such skills as analytical thinking, creative thinking, resilience, flexibility and agility, motivation and self-awareness, curiosity and life-long learning, technological literacy.
The results of public opinion
To confirm the relevance of the chosen topic, an online survey among students was conducted at the school, which showed the importance of this work for educational activities, for highlighting different professions. We asked 47 students. Here you can see the answers and the results of our poll. There were several questions to answer which helped us to distinguish that student of the 7th grade in number of 34 (73%) haven’t chosen their future professions yet, only 35 % of students could name professions which disappeared. The survey showed that 18 students (40%) have a poor idea of which professions will be most needed in the next 10-20 years. About a half of those polled chose professions related to the field of IT-technologies such as virtual world designer or smart management system architect because digital technologies have penetrated all spheres of human life. It is interesting that the most important things for choosing a career are high salary (68%) and interest in the area of profession (47%). Taking this into consideration, we decided to create the booklet 'Professions of the Future'. The booklet allows you to orient yourself in the professions of the future.
Conclusion
Thus, we have profoundly studied interesting facts about past and future professions and discovered immense influence of technological progress on the emergence of new professions. As a result of work on the project, the hypothesis was confirmed. During our studies we have analyzed literature and Internet material on the research problem. We have also conducted an online survey, analyzed its results and represented them in the form of presentation. So, our research work helped to widen the horizons of the students of our school and facilitated them to choose a successful career. We also created a list of modern professions and a booklet to help students in planning a successful future career.
Appendix 1
A list of bibliography cited
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Варламова Д., Судаков Д. Атлас новых профессий 3.0. Издательство «Альпина Диджитал», 2020. -472с.
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«Атлас новых профессий» от «Сколково» и Агентства стратегических инициатив. [Электронный ресурс] /(https://clck.ru/3FhnQS)
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«Атлас новых профессий». [сайт] /(https://atlas100.ru/catalog/ )
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Онлайн опрос [Электронный ресурс] /( )
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Профессии будущего: ТОП – 20 новых и перспективных [Текст] / автор статьи М. Косицина [Электронный ресурс] /(https://info-profi.net/professii-budushhego )
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Тест на выбор сферы [Электронный ресурс]/( https://sky.pro/promo/proftest-main-page)
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The Future of Skills for Future Jobs [Электронныйресурс]/ (https://www.careers.ox.ac.uk/article/the-future-of-skills-for-future-jobs )